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IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine

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Human–Robot Interaction: Successes, Hurdles, and Remaining Challenges [Opinion]

December 15, 2025 by Aude Billard, Alin Albu-Schaeffer, Rachid Alami, Tamim Asfour, Gordon Cheng, Serena Ivaldi, Christophe Leroux, Danica Kragic, Astrid Rosenthal-von der Pütten, Nicola Nosengo, Chiara Sabelli

The past decades have seen an increasing number of robots deployed in the vicinity of humans, from vacuum cleaners roaming our living rooms and drones flying overhead to prostheses attached to our bodies. Today, global efforts are focused on designing the next generation of robots, which will be deployed and function in close proximity to or directly interact with lay users. We are no longer in the realm of factory robots used by well-trained practitioners. It is, hence, not conceivable that these robots can be programmed without a deep understanding of the social, ethical, and cultural rules that underpin human environments.

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11297902

For the open access PDF link of this article please click here.

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IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine (RAM) has over 14,000 readers who are the people who drive this remarkable technology. More than half work in basic research and many of the others are top level engineers and decision-makers in industry.  This magazine highlights new concepts in Robotics and Automation that are applied to real-world systems. It delivers tutorial and survey papers by distinguished experts in the field, organizes focused special issues on hot topics, and provides a forum for disseminating and discussing emerging trends, novel achievements, and selected news relevant to the development of the whole community active in these fields worldwide.

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IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine  publishes four issues per year: March, June, September and December.